In a persistent stack implementation, what happens when you push a new element onto the stack?
A new stack is created with the new element, preserving the original stack.
The new element replaces the top element of the original stack.
An error occurs as persistent stacks are immutable.
The original stack is modified to include the new element.
Which of the following scenarios is MOST likely to benefit from using a persistent stack data structure?
Implementing an undo/redo functionality in a text editor.
Storing a history of user actions for analytics purposes.
All of the above.
Managing function call stacks in a recursive algorithm.
In the context of memory management within a stack, what is the primary advantage of using linked lists over arrays?
Linked lists provide faster access to elements compared to arrays.
Linked lists allow for dynamic memory allocation, preventing potential overflow issues.
Arrays offer better cache locality compared to linked lists, leading to faster execution.
Arrays are generally more memory-efficient than linked lists.
What is an advantage of using a persistent stack in a concurrent programming environment?
Eliminates the need for locks or synchronization primitives.
Simplifies data sharing and communication between threads.
Improves performance by allowing parallel access to the stack.
Reduces the risk of race conditions and data inconsistencies.
You need to implement a stack that supports push, pop, and find-minimum operations, all in O(1) time complexity. Which data structure is best suited for this scenario?
A single stack where each element is a pair containing the value and the minimum value up to that point.
A binary search tree to efficiently maintain sorted data and find the minimum.
A single stack storing only the minimum element encountered so far.
Two stacks: one for the main data and one for storing elements in sorted order.
Consider a scenario where you need to implement a backtracking algorithm. Which stack implementation would be most suitable?
Persistent stack
Multi-stack implementation in a single array
Standard stack
Double-ended stack (deque)
Which of these scenarios would particularly benefit from using a persistent stack?
Representing the order of web pages visited in a browser's history.
Implementing undo/redo functionality in a text editor.
Storing a dynamically changing list of tasks in a to-do app.
The stock span problem requires finding the number of consecutive days before each day with a stock price less than or equal to the current day's price. What is the time complexity of the most efficient algorithm for this problem using a stack?
O(1)
O(n log n)
O(n^2)
O(n)
Imagine you're implementing a stack with a fixed-size array. Which situation leads to a stack overflow even if the number of elements in the stack is less than the array's size?
Pushing an element when the stack pointer is at the middle of the array.
Pushing an element when the stack pointer is at the end of the array, even if some initial array slots are empty.
Popping an element when the stack pointer is at the beginning of the array.
Popping an element when the stack pointer is at the end of the array.
What is the primary challenge in implementing multiple stacks within a single array?
Ensuring data integrity and preventing data corruption between stacks.
Maintaining the order of elements within each individual stack.
Optimizing the search operation across all stacks stored in the array.
Managing the dynamic resizing of the array as stacks grow and shrink.